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Hardcore pornography
Hardcore pornography or hardcore porn is still photography or video footage that contains explicit forms of pornography, most commonly including depictions of sexual acts such as vaginal, anal, and/or oral intercourse, cunnilingus, fellatio, anilingus, ejaculation, and/or fetish play. Hardcore pornography usually takes the form of photographs, often displayed in magazines or on the Internet, or films and cartoons. Since the 1990s it has been distributed widely over the Internet.
The term was coined in the second half of the 20th century to distinguish it from softcore pornography, which may use simulated sex and limits the range and intensity of depictions of sexual activities.
==History==
The prehistory of modern pornography is the classical American Stag film, also known as ''blue movies'', a body of clandestine short pornographic films produced during the first two-thirds of the 20th century. While the exact corpus of the distinctive stag film remains unknown, scholars at the (Kinsey Institute ) believe there are approximately 2000 films produced between 1915-1968.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.kinseyinstitute.org/library/film-contents.html#sexsmart )〕 Stag cinema is a form of hardcore film and is characterized as silent, usually filling a single reel or less, and was illegally made and exhibited because of censorship laws in America. Women were excluded from these private screenings that were shown in American "smoker" houses such as fraternities or other exclusive institutions. In Europe, films of the same kind were screened within brothels. The mode of reception of the all-male audience of stag films was raucous, collective sexual banter and sexual arousal. Film historians describe stag films as a primitive form of cinema because they were produced by anonymous and amateur male artists who failed in achieving narrative coherence and continuity within their diegesis. Today, many of these films have been archived by the Kinsey Institute, however most are in a state of decay and have no copyright, real credits, or acknowledged authorship. The stag film era inevitably ended due to the beginnings of the sexual revolution in the fifties in combination with the new technologies of the post war era, such as 16mm, 8mm, and the Super 8. American stag cinema in general has received scholarly attention first in the mid-seventies by heterosexual males such as in Di Lauro and Gerald Rabkin's ''Dirty Movies'' (1976) and more recently by feminist and queer cultural historians such as in Linda M. Williams' ''Hard Core: Power Pleasure, and the "Frenzy of the Visible"'' (1989) and Thomas Waugh's ''Homosociality in the Classical American Stag Film: Off-Screen, On-screen'' (2001).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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